最近，MYP中學(xué)英語語言與文學(xué)課程的學(xué)生在閱讀娜塔莉·巴比特（Natalie Babbit）的經(jīng)典小說《永遠(yuǎn)的狄家（Tuck Everlasting）》時(shí)，發(fā)出了一個疑問——“每個犯罪的人都應(yīng)該受到懲罰嗎？”
《永遠(yuǎn)的狄家》是一部奇幻小說，它以19世紀(jì)為時(shí)代背景，讓讀者從客觀的角度來衡量一系列現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，例如生命的輪回、貪婪的心理，和是非對錯的命題。為了讓學(xué)生更深入地探究書中情節(jié)，教師將他們帶進(jìn)了一場模擬法庭中……
(資料圖片僅供參考)
“Should everyone who commits a crime be punished?”The MYP English Language and Literature students faced this dilemma after reading Natalie Babbit’s classic novelTuck Everlasting.
Set in the 1800s, this fantasy novel allows students to consider realistic themes such as the circle of life, greediness, and right vs wrong in a more objective way. To help students better understand the reality and inquiry more deeply, they are led into a mock trial...
在模擬法庭開庭前，學(xué)生在運(yùn)用其研究能力進(jìn)行調(diào)查時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在很多國家的陪審團(tuán)審判案件中，審判結(jié)果并不是由法官來決定的，而是由一群守法的公民（陪審團(tuán)）決定的。學(xué)生進(jìn)一步發(fā)現(xiàn)，普通人比法官更容易被打動，因?yàn)樗麄兏鼉A向于傾聽一個令人信服的故事，并根據(jù)當(dāng)下的情景來決定審判結(jié)果。
Using our research skills, we found out about jury trials in other countries where the outcome of a case is decided not by a judge but by a group of law-abiding citizens.We found out further that ordinary people are much easier to persuade than judges because they tend to listen to a compelling story and make a decision based on who they believe should win under the circumstances.
上圖為部分章節(jié)，為學(xué)生結(jié)合小說情節(jié)和其他模擬法庭范本而創(chuàng)作的模擬法庭劇本。
The picture above shows one of the pages of the mock trial script created by students combining the plot of the book and other mock trial samples.
學(xué)生共同制作了模擬法庭的腳本，了解審判過程和庭審角色。他們被分為了控方和辯方兩組，學(xué)習(xí)著如何撰寫辯詞。在教師的引導(dǎo)下，他們學(xué)會設(shè)計(jì)有效的問題，為有罪或無罪的判決結(jié)果提供有力的證據(jù)。
Armed with a sample mock trial script, we learned about the trial process and people’s specific roles in a court case. We divided into prosecution and defense groups and then learned how to write argumentative speeches. We worked on crafting effective questions that could support a guilty or not guilty verdict.
滑動顯示更多圖片
Swipe for More Photos
滑動顯示更多圖片
Swipe for More Photos
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生充分了解和參與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的事務(wù)是深嵌于TWIS教育使命中的一種實(shí)踐方式。讓教育與現(xiàn)實(shí)接軌，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握必要的技能從而更好地掌握世界。猶如學(xué)生在模擬法庭結(jié)束后所撰寫的，這一切的教學(xué)效果都正在發(fā)生……
Having students engage in situations that exist in the real world is one way for TWIS to enact its mission to equip them with the necessary skills to navigate the world. These are evident in the confessions… rather the reflections of the participants:
“扮演“辯方證人”的學(xué)生May說：“我學(xué)會了如何對問題進(jìn)行換位思考，因?yàn)樾≌f人物Mae Tuck的案件是一個非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的課題。以前我認(rèn)為Mae是無罪的，但我從來沒有想過為什么和如何去論證，也沒有想過她可能是有罪的。我認(rèn)為這次的經(jīng)歷可以幫助我在未來的辯論中表現(xiàn)得更出色。”
May as Witness for the Defense:“ I learned how to think of things from different perspectives because Mae Tuck’s case is a very challenging subject. Before I would have thought that Mae was not guilty, but I had never thought of why and how to prove it, or the possibility that she could be guilty. I think that this can help me to become better at debates in the future.”
”“扮演“控方證人”的學(xué)生Alice說：“我學(xué)會了如何與我的組員合作和溝通。在編輯劇本的過程中，我們討論了如何推理結(jié)論或做決定，并將我們所有的想法集結(jié)起來。下一次，我想我可以做更多的準(zhǔn)備和研究，為我的辯詞提供更多的證據(jù)，并學(xué)會在模擬審判中保持自信和平常心?！?/em>
Alice as Witness for the Prosecution: “I learned how to collaborate and communicate with my teammates. We discussed finding a conclusion or do some decisions during the editing of the script and summarized all our ideas together. Next time, I think I can prepare and research more to have more evidence for the defense and feel more confident and comfortable during the mock trial.”
”“扮演“控方證人”的學(xué)生Chael說：“我發(fā)現(xiàn)在未來我或許還可以成為一名還不錯的法醫(yī)專家，因?yàn)槲也煊X到我是一個很好的觀察者，對于一些重要的事項(xiàng)都會做筆記。關(guān)于反思，因?yàn)樵谶@次的模擬法庭中我忘記打印證據(jù)了，如果還有下次，我會提前把我準(zhǔn)備好的醫(yī)療報(bào)告打印出來，這些報(bào)告都可以作為證據(jù)來使用?！?/em>
Chael as Witness for the Prosecution: “I learned that I may not be a bad forensic scientist in the future because I know that I am a good observer and I take notes on things that are important. Next time I would print out the medical report I prepared because in the mock trial I forgot to print it which could be submitted as evidence.”
”“扮演“行政官”和“書記員”的學(xué)生Yanyan說：“我了解到擔(dān)任法庭書記員這一職位的不易，因?yàn)樗麄円敱M地記下筆記，并說出每一位在場人士的名字和職業(yè)等等。下次我們會更深思熟慮，多考慮后果才能在案件審判中獲勝?！?/em>
Yanyan as Bailiff and Clerk: “I learnt that being a court clerk isn"t easy because they have to jot down notes, state everyone’s name and profession and so much more. Next time we should think of the questions with much thought and consider the consequences more to win a case.”
”“扮演“辯方律師”的學(xué)生Nathan說：“從這次的模擬法庭中，我學(xué)到了三件事。第一，如何審查證據(jù)并依此推理結(jié)論；第二，強(qiáng)有力的論據(jù)可以改變?nèi)藗兊目捶?；第三，學(xué)會如何發(fā)表令人信服的辯詞和提出問題從而更好地推動案件的發(fā)展。”
Nathan as Defense Lawyer: “I learned three things from this activity. First, how to examine the evidence and draw a conclusion. Second, by using strong arguments you can change people’s perceptions. Third, how to deliver convincing statements and ask questions that benefit my case.”
”“扮演“辯方證人”的學(xué)生Luna說："我學(xué)會我必須準(zhǔn)備好所有辯方可能問我的問題?；卮鸬姆绞郊瓤梢詫ξ业霓q方團(tuán)隊(duì)有利，也可以對控方團(tuán)隊(duì)有利，所以我在回答問題時(shí)盡量表現(xiàn)出我的情感，這樣陪審團(tuán)才會對我加以信任?！?/em>
Luna as Witness for the Defense: “I had to be ready to face questions that the prosecution could ask me. The way to answer can either benefit my team or the opposing team so I tried to add emotions when answering questions so the jury would believe and trust me.”
”“扮演“控方律師/檢察官”的學(xué)生Gabriel說：“我了解到一場審判是如何進(jìn)行的，以及它所包含的所有元素和角色，例如陪審團(tuán)、書記員和判決流程。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我在壓力下或者在法庭上，我會緊張得忘記我需要說的話，所以我需要花更多時(shí)間來確保我對自己的臺詞熟記于心?！?/em>
Gabriel as the Prosecuting Attorney: “I learned how trials typically work, and all its aspects including the jury, clerk and sentencing. I learned that under pressure or on stage I can get nervous and forget what I need to say so I would need to spend more time on making sure I knew my lines by heart.”
”特別鳴謝 Special Thanks to
Ms. Ann and Mr. Jason
關(guān)鍵詞： 東華文澤學(xué)校 MYP中學(xué)
營業(yè)執(zhí)照公示信息